The fibrinous deposit of proteins or polypeptides is an important hallmark of amyloidosis. Self-assembly of amyloidogenic proteins or polypeptides was found to largely damage the nearby cells and lead to degeneration of the tissues and organs. In this talk, we will discuss the strategies that are used to detect and modulate a hormone polypeptide (human islet amyloid polypeptide) which is co-secreted with insulin from pancreatic β-cells but aggregates in the pancreatic islets. The aggregation of islet amyloid polypeptide is therefore considered closely associated with the pathology of type 2 diabetes.